Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism is a neurological and developmental condition that effects social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communications, behavior and sensory processing. it is called spectrum disorder because it can manifest in a wide range of ways and vary in severity. Autism spectrum disorder impacts the nervous system and affects the cognitive (connected with the process of understanding), emotional, social and physical health of the affected individual.

Autism is often diagnosed in early childhood. Autism can be a lifelong disorder so early intervention and therapies are essential to help individuals to develop necessary skills and improve their quality of life.

Causes of Autism:

The exact causes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not fully understood. It is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and possibly neurological factors. Research is going to continue, and the specific cause can vary from one individual to another. The possible key factors thought to contribute to the development of autistic spectrum disorder are as follows:

Genetics: There is strong evidence to suggest that genetics plays a significant role in the development of autism. Many studies have shown that individuals with a family history of autism have a higher risk of being diagnosed with the condition.

Environmental Factors: Some environmental factors such as prenatal infection, maternal use of certain medications, during pregnancy, exposure to toxins pollutants and complications during birth have been studied in relation to autism. However, the specific environmental triggers and their roles in autism are still being investigated.

Immune System Dysfunction: Some studies have suggested that there is a link between immune system dysfunction and autism. Immune system abnormalities or imbalances in immune response during pregnancy or early development may play a role in the development of autism in some cases. This is an area of ongoing research.

Parental Age: Some research has found a correlation between older parental age (both maternal and paternal) and an increased risk of autism in their children. However, this is a complex association, and age alone is not a direct cause of autism.

Additionally, there is no evidence to support the notion that vaccines or parenting practices cause autism, as these claims have been thoroughly debunked by scientific research.

Symptoms of autism:

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by a wide range of symptoms that affect an individual's social interactions, communication, behavior, and sensory processing. The severity and combination of these symptoms can vary greatly from one person to another. children with autism spectrum disorder usually show some signs of delayed development before age 2 years.

Some common symptoms and behavior associated with autism include:

• Difficulty with social interactions, avoid or does not keep eye contact.

• Delayed language skills.

• Delayed movement skills.

• Hyperactive impulsive or inattentive behavior some individuals performs activities that could cause self-harm, such as biting or head-banging.

• In younger children not responding to their name, not talking much as other children of same age.

• Difficulties in recognizing emotions or intensions of others

• Repeats the same words (echolalia)

• Screaming and shouting out of proportion.

• Difficulty in making friends, difficulties in initiating and sustaining conversations.

• Autistic children don't speak or has delayed speech or loses previous ability to say words or sentences.

• Autistic children might also be under-sensitive or over-sensitive to taste, touch, sight and sounds. For example, they might be easily upset by certain sounds, eat only foods with a certain texture.

• Limited use of gestures, facial expressions, and body language to communicate.

• Engaging in repetitive actions such as hand- flapping rocking.

• Show resistance in changing routines and become disturbed on slight changes.

• Doesn't appear to understand simple questions or directions.

• Some individuals with autism have remarkable abilities or talents in areas like mathematics, music, art, or memorization.

It's important to note that while these symptoms are common in autism, not all individuals with ASD will exhibit all of them, and the severity of symptoms can vary widely. Additionally, some individuals with autism may have strengths and abilities that are not immediately apparent because they are overshadowed by their challenges.

There is no single test for diagnosing autism mostly diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation and a detailed developmental case history of the child, and interviewing parents. Early diagnosis and interventions of autism make big differences. Autism is a lifelong condition but proper support with individualized therapies will improve the quality of life.

Treatment of Autism:

The treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) typically involves a multidisciplinary approach There is no cure for autism, but early diagnosis intervention is crucial and a variety of therapies like behavioral therapies, positive behavior support, speech and language therapy, occupational therapy, social skill training, educational support, parents training support etc. can significantly improve an individual's quality of life and functioning.

HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINE: Homeopathic medicine is effective as an adjuvant medicine that works very well when using with other therapies like behavioral therapies speech and language therapy etc. .There are some homeopathic medicines that are using in treatment of autism are Baryta carbonium, Bufo rana ,Crarcinosin,Calcarea phos ,Hyoscyamus niger, kali bromatum ,kali phosphoricum, Phosphorous Silicea Stramonium Sulphur, Syphillinum Thuja occidentalis.Consult with Homeopathic doctor before starting treatment as individualized care and thorough understanding of your health history are required for effective homeopathic treatment.

Role of parents in autistic child:

Parenting a child suffering from autism spectrum disorder is very important and critical. first and very important part seeks professional advice without any delay on see red flags, do not wait as some parents think my child is very too young so let's wait and see or due to some social pressure it is difficult to accept. Do not waste your time and consult with doctor as early diagnosis and intervention significantly improve the individual's life.

Parents of Autism kids generally will be under tremendous stress by attending the needs of the kid. The most important thing they forget to be taking care of themselves. It is always advisable to stay healthy and positive.

Make sure to bring a positive vibe into the family by keeping the negative effects at bay. Creating a supportive environment and provide emotional support in nurturing is essential.

Ensure consistency of approach in therapies and be patient and stay positive yourself.

Diet in autism:

• Some individuals with autism may have sensitivities or allergies to gluten (found in wheat, barley, and rye) and casein (found in dairy products). Gluten-Free and Casein-Free (GFCF) Diet may help in improvements in behaviors and communication in some individuals with autism spectrum disorder. It's important to consult with your doctor before starting this diet to ensure that it is appropriate and nutritionally balanced.

• Some individuals with autism may have food sensitivities or allergies that contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms, irritability, or other behavioral issues. An elimination of that specific food from diet will help the individual. Take help of your dietician or doctor

• Nutritional Supplements such as vitamins, minerals, iron and omega-3 fatty acids, in an attempt to improve the overall health and well-being of individuals with autism. It's essential to consult with your doctor before using supplements, as excessive or inappropriate use can have adverse effects.

• A well-balanced diet can support overall health, improve immunity and may help with managing common symptoms, such as gastrointestinal issues and sleep disturbances.

It's important to emphasize that there is no universally recommended diet for individuals with autism, and the effectiveness of dietary interventions can vary from person to person. Before making any significant changes to a person's diet, especially a child's, it is essential to consult with a Doctor, Dietitian or nutritionist who has experience working with individuals with autism.